@article{oai:kanagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006940,
 author = {野口, 健一郎 and Noguchi, Kenichiro},
 journal = {Science Journal of Kanagawa University},
 month = {May},
 note = {The external specifications of information systems including software need to be provided in a clear manner to users and others, which would be an essential requirement for the sound advancement of information society. However, to realize it is not easy. In this paper the intrinsic problems of the definition of the external specifications of information systems are examined. I show that, for a usual information system which is not very simple, it is impossible to define its external specification without utilizing the internal structure of the system and that the ultimate definition results in a sort of implementation of the system. I call this characteristic as the paradox of external specification. Next I review how the paradox of external specification affects the actual activities in the following four areas-use of information systems, development of them, interoperation in the network environment, and standardization-and general characteristics are presented. Then the paper discusses the measures, which include the evolution and deployment of specification description techniques such as formal description ones, the improvement of the readability of source programs, and the development of external specifications whose semantics are easy to be understood.},
 pages = {27--36},
 title = {外部仕様のパラドックス : 問題点と対策の考察},
 volume = {18},
 year = {2007}
}