@article{oai:kanagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00012975,
 author = {下地, 和宏},
 issue = {19},
 journal = {非文字資料研究 = The study of nonwritten cultural materials},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {日本の神社には鳥居、狛犬、灯籠、拝殿、神殿などの付属施設が建設されている。沖縄の宮古の御嶽の奥中央にはイビ（威部）と呼ばれる御神体の石が安置され、神が鎮座すると考えられている。他に複数のイビがある。これは遙拝の神である。イビ手前の広場が神庭であり、ここに祭祀のために籠る祭祀小屋が設けられている。宮古には800余の御嶽があるといわれる。多くの御嶽は神社風に施設が建設され変化しているが、厳かなる場所に変わりはない。　「琉球併合」後の沖縄の近代化は、「忠君愛国」の教育とともに歩んできた。「教育勅語」の暗唱、「御真影」への最敬礼、宮城遙拝、天皇陛下万歳三唱などを強制されてきた。いわゆる「皇民化教育」の洗礼を受けた人々が、日本への「同化」に向けて、多くの住民が参詣する由緒ある御嶽の「神社化」を図った。鳥居、灯籠を建立、籠り屋を拝殿に、イビを神殿に改築し神社風に変えた。とりわけ鳥居は御嶽（神社）への入り口として象徴的に扱われた。鳥居建立の風潮は戦後も引きずることになる。むしろ拡大し、御嶽に神社と表記する地域も見られる。今や鳥居は違和感なく御嶽に建立されている。老朽化した神明系の鳥居は明神系に再建される傾向にある。, There are objects and buildings commonly found at Shinto shrines in Japan, such as torii （gateway built at the entrance to a shrine）, komainu （lion-shaped guardian dogs sitting at the entrance）, toro（ garden lanterns）, haiden（ hall of worship） and shinden（ main shrine where the object of worship is placed）. The sacred sites of Miyako called utaki have objects of worship called ibi placed at the center of the innermost section of the utaki. They are stones where gods are believed to be enshrined. There are several other ibi on the grounds. These are gods to be worshipped from a distance. The open space in front of the ibi is a sacred area called kanniwa, where a small hall called komoriya is built for people to shut themselves up in to conduct rituals. It is said that there are more than 800 utaki in Miyako. Although many utaki have changed through the years and now have objects and buildings similar to shrines, they retain a solemn atmosphere.　After the “annexation” of the Ryukyu islands, modernization of Okinawa progressed together with education promoting Chukun Aikoku （loyalty and patriotism）. People were forced to recite the Imperial Rescript on Education, make a respectful bow to the Goshinei （photograph of the Emperor and Empress）, pray to the Imperial Palace from a distance and give three cheers for the Emperor. People who were “Japanized” in this manner made efforts to assimilate into Japan by transforming historical utaki where many residents visited and making them more similar to shrines. They built torii gateways and toro lanterns, reconstructed komoriya as haiden, and renovated ibi as shinden. In particular, the torii was regarded as the symbolic entrance to the utaki （shrine）. After World War II, the movement toward erecting torii continued and even expanded. In some areas, utaki are called jinja （shrine）. Today, torii built at utaki no longer seem out of place. When Shinmei-style torii become deteriorated, they tend to be replaced by Myojin-style torii., Departmental Bulletin Paper, 招待論文},
 pages = {1--30},
 title = {宮古の御嶽と鳥居 －その背景について考える－},
 year = {2020}
}