@article{oai:kanagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00012665, author = {石井, 和帆}, issue = {16}, journal = {非文字資料研究 = The study of nonwritten cultural materials}, month = {Sep}, note = {柳田国男の登場以前は文字以外に図像による記録がされていた。だが、柳田の登場によりヴィジュアル資料が内包する芸術性や演出の排除がおこり、図像による記録は一旦途切れてしまう。柳田以後は時代が下り、手軽に正確に民俗事象を切り取れる写真が記録手段として選択されるようになる。  ただ、写真が受容された近代以降においても明治期に残された写真は限定的であり、図像資料に頼らざるを得ないのだが、これまで民俗学において明治期の図像資料の検討や活用は十分になされてこなかった。それは資料としての図像の客観性の乏しさが要因の一つだと考えられる。絵師がイメージを出力する過程において不明確な要素が多数生じ、そこには表象された事物の正否はもちろんのこと、画面上に表象されない内包された意味も同時に生まれる。  また、当時の民俗事象全てが図像として描かれてきたわけではなく、描かれて残されてきた民俗事象と、そうでない民俗事象が同時に存在する。そこには近代の図像資料として民俗事象が描かれた意味が内包されており、図像を民俗資料として捉えにくくしている要因がある。  そこで、『風俗画報』に投稿された記事と挿絵を比較してみると、投稿者と絵師における視点の相違から絵師の意向が強く反映されることがあり、両者の主観が混在することで図像の客観性や正確性の低さが浮き彫りとなる。  また、民俗事象の中でも表現できる場面は限られており、距離という物理的な問題から描かれる地域が制約される場合や、日常よりも絵画映えする非日常の行事などが描かれる傾向にあった。加えて、民俗事象の中でも絵師は絵画映えする盛時(クライマックス)の場面を意図的に選択して描くことで、図像資料の場面に偏りが生じることが明らかとなる。  さらに、絵師によって意図的に事物を描かない、あるいは事実とは異なるように改変して事物を描く場合もあり、この場面の選択や事物の改変には柳田が排除した演出が含まれており、図像の客観性の乏しさが改めて露呈した。, Prior to the work of(Kunio) Yanagita, scholars created pictorial records of folkloristic events along with written accounts. However, as Yanagita emerged as the leading scholar of folklore studies, iconographic materials as sources for folklore studies came to be rejected on grounds that pictorial representations have an inherent tendency to pay more attention to artistry and dramatic effect than to accuracy. In the period after Yanagita, photographs came to be used as a convenient and accurate method of recording folkloristic events. However, even though the use of photography has been widely accepted in modern and more recent times, photographs from the Meiji era are limited in number and relying on illustrative renderings often becomes necessary. Nevertheless, iconographic materials from the Meiji era have not been adequately examined or utilized until now. One reason may be the lack of objectivity seen in iconographic sources. Numerous undefined factors could have influenced the output process of eshi(painters and draftsmen), casting doubt on the accuracy of the events portrayed and raising the possibility of holding latent meanings which are not clearly evident.  Furthermore, not all folklore events of the time were rendered into pictorial representations, with some folkloristic events being recorded as paintings or drawings while other events were not recorded at all. Representations of certain folklore scenes in modern times may also contain latent meanings, which make them difficult to accept as straightforward visual records.  A comparison between the articles and their accompanying illustrations in the magazine Fuzoku gaho reveals that some of the illustrations strongly reflect a perspective which is widely different from the viewpoint of the articleʼs author, and the juxtaposition of the two subjective interpretations brings into sharp relief their lack of objectivity and accuracy.  Furthermore, only certain scenes could be rendered into pictorial representations ; events taking place at physically distant locations could not be represented, restricting the portrayals of folklore events to certain regions, and there was also a tendency to prefer flamboyant special events over everyday practices. And eshi preferred picturesque scenes depicting the climax of folkloristic events, creating a bias in the iconographic materials.  In addition, certain eshi may have intentionally omitted certain features from their representations or made factually inaccurate modifications. This selection of scenes and modifications by the eshi were the aspects of pictorial renderings that Yanagita rejected and has led to a renewed realization of the lack of objectivity in iconographic materials., Departmental Bulletin Paper, 論文}, pages = {97--130}, title = {民俗学確立以前における図像資料の検討 -民俗資料としてみる『風俗画報』に内包される意味-}, year = {2018} }