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アフリカツメガエル胚右側板中胚葉におけるNodalシグナリングの活性化は内臓左右軸を逆転する(2003-2004年度神奈川大学共同研究奨励助成論文) The potentiation of Nodal signaling in the right lateral plate mesoderm inverts the left-right specification of the internal organs. 豊泉, 龍児 Toyoizumi, Ryuji 茂木, 和枝 Mogi, Kazue 日野, 晶也 Hino, Akiya 小笠原, 強 Ogasawara, Tsuyoshi 竹内, 重夫 Takeuchi, Shigeo Xenopus laevis left-right asymmetry neurula Xnr-1 pitx2 microinjection In Xenopus, multiple nodal-related genes are expressed during early embryogenesis. Among them, only Xenopus nodal related-1(Xnr-1) is expressed unilaterally in the left lateral plate mesoderm(LPM) at the late neurula-early tailbud stage. Early studies report that ectopic administration of Xnr-1 in the right hemisphere at the cleavage stage alters the left-right specification of the heart and visceral organs, or else makes a secondary axis. However, because Xnr-1 and other Xnrs function already at the blastula-gastrula stage, it is very difficult to evaluate the correct timing of the effects of excessively administered Xnr-1 from such a method. To elucidate the essential role of Xnr-1 within the left LPM, ectopic potentiation of Nodal signaling in the right lateral plate mesoderm was performed. Right-side injection of Nodal protein changed the laterality of Xnr-1 and Xenopuspitx2, but lefty, and fully (more than 90%) reversed the situs of the internal organs. Polyethyleneimine-based gene transfer of Xnr-1 mRNA in the right LPM also changed the laterality of pitx2 and fully (more than 90%) reversed the situs of the internal organs. Taken together, the potentiation of Xnr-1 signaling in the right LPM induces pitx2 in the right side and fully inverts the left-right axis of the heart and visceral organs, suggesting that the right LPM can transduce Nodal signaling, and only the absence of the Xnr-1 ligand silences the Nodal signaling in the right LPM. Normal left-right balance of Xnr-1 signaling is needed for the normal left-right specification of the internal organs. 神奈川大学 2005-05-25 jpn departmental bulletin paper VoR http://hdl.handle.net/10487/1426 https://kanagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/6897 AA12068302 1880-0483 Science Journal of Kanagawa University 16 35 44 https://kanagawa-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/6897/files/SJKU Vol 16 2005 35-44.pdf application/pdf 759.1 kB 2018-11-20